CNS Stimulants are an extremely popular class of drugs, but they come with serious side effects. People who misuse these drugs may experience severe paranoia, depression, and even suicidal thoughts. Misuse of CNS stimulants can also affect a person’s relationships and job stability. Sexual dysfunction is also common among people who misuse CNS stimulants. Other side effects of CNS stimulants include constipation, diarrhea, and dry mouth.
Modafinil
Modafinil and CNS stimulants are used as alerting agents in the treatment of narcolepsy and cataplexy. These drugs also affect several organs and cause side effects, such as extreme tiredness and bleeding. Patients who experience such effects should stop taking the drugs and consult a doctor.
Modafinil undergoes multiple metabolic pathways, including hepatic metabolism. It is excreted in the urine in approximately 80% of its initial dose as metabolites. Its elimination half-life is 15 hours in healthy subjects. However, its elimination half-life is significantly longer in patients with hepatic or renal impairment, and dose reduction is recommended. Modafinil is available in oral tablets in a 200 mg dose.
Modafinil is approved by the FDA for the treatment of moderate-to-severe OSA. Its dosage is based on patient response and side effects. It can be given daily in the morning or at bedtime, and is a prescription drug. While it is a relatively new treatment, it is already being used as an adjunct to conventional drug therapy for patients with a mild to moderate form of OSA.
Methamphetamine
Methamphetamine is a powerful CNS stimulant that dramatically affects the central nervous system. It is highly addictive and causes a release of neurotransmitters, such as dopamine, which produces feelings of pleasure and enhanced mood. Meth is also less quickly metabolized than cocaine, making the high last longer.
Methamphetamine comes in crystalline or liquid forms. Crystalline methamphetamine is the most common form, which is often smoked. Other forms include methamphetamine pills, which are smoked in Southeast Asia. Both forms are highly addictive, and can cause physical and psychological dependence.
Methamphetamine can be smoked, snorted, and injected. It has no odor, and its taste is bitter. It can also come in powder or rock form. It is usually created in underground labs. It is a highly addictive substance and should only be used in moderation.
METH alters the brain’s dopamine system, which is responsible for rewarding and feeling pleasure. It also impairs motor skills and affects cognitive skills, such as memory and verbal learning. However, these effects may be partially reversible, and some people have recovered after a long period of abstinence.
While meth addiction is a serious issue, it is treatable. Medical detox can help people withdraw from the drug. There are also medications available that may help them cope with the symptoms. Cognitive behavioral therapy and motivational incentives are also effective treatments for meth addiction. In the long run, this treatment can help people recover from meth abuse and find a path to long-term sobriety.
Methylphenidate
Methylphenidate is a Schedule II controlled substance that acts like an amphetamine in the central nervous system (CNS). It works by blocking the reuptake of dopamine and norepinephrine from neurons, resulting in a short-term euphoric effect. It is typically prescribed for patients over the age of six. Although this drug is considered safe, there are several risks that should be considered when taking it. These risks include heart rhythm arrhythmias, structural cardiac abnormalities, and coronary artery disease.
If you or a family member has had a recent heart attack or any type of heart defect, you must inform your doctor before starting any treatment with methylphenidate. You should also tell your doctor if you suffer from depression or bipolar disorder. You should also tell your doctor if the drug has caused seizures, or if you’ve tried suicide.
When taking methylphenidate, make sure to take the medication in the same manner every time. Take the extended-release tablets with or without food. You should not crush or chew the tablets. You can also chew them. If you take them as a chewable tablet, you should chew them thoroughly before swallowing them. If you use a liquid medication, you should measure the dose carefully with a measuring device.
Methylphenidate should not be used excessively and may lead to dependence. It is also habit-forming and can affect your health. The doses you should take should be low and regular, and you should consult your doctor if you notice any unusual changes in your behavior or mood.